Method of transmitting intelligence through the natural mediums



PATENTED FEB. 16, 1904.

D. DRAWBAUGH. METHOD OF TRANSMITTING INTELLIGENCE THROUGH THE NATURALMEDIUMS.

APPLIOATIOK FILED 1mm 28, 1902. RENEWED JULY 15. 1903.

H0 MODEL.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @rrrcn.

DANIEL DRAVVBAUGH, OF EBERLYS MILLS, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF TRANSMITTING INTELLIGENCE THROUGH THE NATURAL MEDIUMS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 752,534, dated February16, 1904.

Original application filed March 1, 1902- Renewed July 15, 1903,

Renewed July 15,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, DANIEL DRAWBAUGH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Eberlys Mills, in the county of Cumberland-and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inMethods of Transmitting Intelligence Through the Natural Media, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to the art of transmitting intelligence, includingthe transmission of speech, through the natural media, and dcpends on mydiscovery of the practicability of impressing thereon high-potentialcurrents of electricity, to thereby diminish its resistance to lowerpotential signaling-currents.

W'ith this object in view it comprises a new and improved method forterragraphic and terraphonic transmission, having as its essentialfeature the reduction of the resistance of the earth or other naturalmedia between the transmitting and receiving station by electricalmeans, and preferably by impressing on the media at thetransmitting-station currents of high potential. These high-potentialcurrents may be conveniently produced by a magneto-generator of peculiarconstruction, for which I have filed application for Letters Pat-- ent,Serial No.96,589, now Patent No. 733,948. dated July 21,1903; but I donot limit myself to thesenieans, as any source of intermittent orperiodically varying high-potential currents may be used. Thesehigh-potential currents l have discovered greatly reduce the resistanceof the media, so that the lower tension telephonic or telegraphiccurrents can be used to transmit the message. I This phenomenon Ibelieve to be due to a species of earth polarization somewhat similar tothe electrolytic polarization; but I do not attempt to say that myhypothesis is correct, and by diminishing the resistancei do not mean toimply the nature or" this resistance, whether ohmic or otherwise. In anyevent I have found that the transmission of speech is greatly improvedby first impressing on the earth theschighpotentialcurrents and thatwith a given battery-power of the transmitter speech becomes perfectlyclear and audible after impressing Serial No. 165,660. Divided and thisapplication filed June 28, 1902. 1903. Serial No. 165,663. (Nospecimens.)

on the earth these high-potential current-s for two or three minutesover so great a distance as to render transmission impossible beforesaid polarization means were used.

I have illustrated in the annexed drawings, forming a part of thisspecification, two forms whereby my method may be practiced. but I donot limit myself to such means; but have defined my invention in theappended claims.

Figure 1 illustrates my method as applied to telephonic ,transmissionthrough the earth. and Fig. 2 illustrates my method as applied totelegraphic transmission through the earth.

In the drawings, 32 is a local circuit containing a key 1 and a battery2 in Fig. 2 and a telephone-transmitter 23 in Fig. 1.

18 18 and 24 24 are metal plates sunk in the earth.

521 is a magneto such as described in the above-setforth applications orany other source of high-potential, alternating, or inter-.

mit-tent current.

20 is a double-pole switch for alternately connecting theinagneto andkey-circuit to the plates 18 18. I

23 is a telephone-transmitter which includes the batteries and accessoryapparatus and which can be connected to plates by switch 20.

10 is a polarized relay connected to plates 24: by conductors 26 andcontrolling a local circuit containing abattery 11 and polarized sounder12, as shown in Fig. 2. I

is a telephone-receiver connected to the plates 24 24, as shown in Fig.1.

It is to be observed that the plates 24 24 should be so placed that oneis slightly in advance of the other in order to obtain the best results.The plates 18 are first connected by switch 20 to the source of highpotential 21 for several minutes and then they are connected to the keyor transmitter circuit. The signal then sent by the key or transmitteris received in the relay 12 or the telephone-receiver 25.

I do nothcrein claim the meansior practicing this method. having claimedsuch in my main application, filed March 1, 1902, renewed July 15. 1903,Serial -No. 165.660, and have divided the subject-matter covered by thisapplication therefrom on the requirement of the Patent Oflice.

I claim 1. The method of transmitting intelligence through the naturalmedia, which consists in first impressing on the media currents of highpotential, and then impressing on the media currents modified inaccordance with the sig-' nal to be transmitted. v

2. The method of transmitting intelligence through the natural media,which consists in first impressing on the media currents of highpotential, then impressing on the media currents modified in accordancewith the signal to be transmitted, and receiving said modified currentsat a distant station.

3: The method of transmitting intelligence through the natural media,which consists in first impressing on the media at two points currentsof high potential, and then impress ing on the media at said two pointscurrents modified in accordance with the signal to be =transmitted. I

4:. The method of transmitting intelligence through the natural media,which consists in first impressing on the media at two points currentsof high potential, then impressing on the media at said two pointscurrents modi fied in accordance-with the signal to be transmitted, andreceiving said modified currents at a distant station.

5. The method of. transmitting intell gence I through the natural media,which consists in first impressing on the media currents of h ghpotential and then impressing on the media currents modified inaccordance'with the signal to be transmitted, and receiving saidmodified currents at a distant station in a suitable receiver connectedto the media at two points.

6.- The method of transmitting intelligence through the natural media,which consists in first impressing on the media at two points currentsof high potential, then impressing on the media at said two pointscurrents modified in accordance with the signal to be transmitted, andreceiving said modified currents at a' distant station in a suitablereceiver-connected to the media at two points.

7. 'The method of transmitting intelligence through the earth, whichconsists in firstimpressing on the earth currents of high potential, andthen impressing on the earthcurrents modified in accordance'with thesignal to be transmitted. v

8. Themethod of transmitting intelligence through the earth, whichconsists in first impressing on the earth currents of hlgh potential,then impressing on the earth currents modified in accordance with thesignal to be transmitted, and receiving the modified currents at adistant station.

9. 'The method of transmitting intelligence .through the earth,whichconsists in firstimpressing on the earth at two points currents ofhigh potential, and then impressing on the earth at said two pointscurrents modified in accordance with the signal to be transmitted.

10. The method of transmitting intelligence through the earth, whichconsists in first impressing on the earth at two points currents of highpotential, then impressing on the earth at said two points currentsmodified in accordance with the signal to be transmitted, and receivingsaid modified currents at a distant station.

11. The method of transmitting intelligence through the earth,---whichconsists in first impressing on the earth currents of high potential,then impressing on the earth currents modified in accordance with thesignal to be transmitted, and receiving said modified currents in asuitable receiver connected to the earth at two points at the distantstation.

12. The method of transmitting intelligence through the earth, whichconsists in first impressing on the earth at two points currents of highpotential, then impressing on the earth at said two points currentsmodified, in accordance with the signal to be transmitted, and receivingsaid modified currents in a suitable receiver connected to the earth attwo points at the distant station.

13. The method of. transmitting speech through the natural media, whichconsists in first impressing on the media currents of high sound-waves.

1 1. The method of transmitting speech through the natural media, whichconsists in first impressing on the media currents of high potential,then impressing on the media currents modified by and in accordance withsound-waves, and translating said modified currents into sound-waves ata distant station. 15. The method of transmitting speech through theearth which consists in first impressing on the earth at two pointscurrents of high potential, and then impressing on the earthcurrentsmodified by and in accordance with sound-waves. a

16. The method of transmitting speech through the earth which consistsin first impressing on the earth at two points currents of highpotential,-then impressing on the earth currents modified by and inaccordance with sound-waves, and translating said modified currents intosound-waves at a distant station. 17. The method of transmitting speechthrough the natural media which consists in first impressing on themedia currents of high potential, then impressing on the media currentsmodified by. and in accordance with sound-waves, and receiving saidmodified currents in a telephone-receiver.

' 18. The method of transmitting speech through the earth which consistsin first impressing on the earth at two points currents of highpotential, then impressing on the earth currents modified by and inaccordance withsound-waves, and receiving said modified rents in atelephone-receiver.

19. The method of transmitting speech through the earth which consistsin first impressing on the earth at two points currents of highpotential, and then impressing on the earthat said two points currentsmodified byand in accordance with sound-waves.

20. The method of transmitting speech through the earth which consistsin first impressing on the earth at two points currents of highpotential, then impressing on the earth at said two points currentsmodified by and in accordance with sound-waves, and receiving saidmodified currents in a telephone-receiver at the distant station.

21. The method of transmitting speech through the natural media, whichconsists in first polarizing the media, and then impressing telephoniccurrents on said polarized media.

22. The method of transmitting speech through the natural media, whichconsists in first polarizing the media, and then impressing-on thepolarized mediacurrents modified by and in accordance with sound-waves.

23. The method of transmitting speech through the natural media,whichconsists in first polarizing the media, then impressing telephoniccurrents on said polarized media, and receiving said currents in atelephone-receiver at the distant station. Y

24. The method of transmitting speech through the natural media, whichconsists in first polarizing the media, then impressing on the polarizedmedia, currents modified by and in accordance with sound-waves, andreceiving said modified currents in a telephone-receiver at the distantstation.

25. The method of transmitting. speech through the earth, which consistsin first polarizing the earth between the transmitting and receivingstation, and then impressing telephonic currents on said polarizedearth.

26. The method of transmitting speech through the earth, which consistsin first polarizing the earth between the transmitting and receivingstation, then impressing telephonic currents on said polarized earth,and receiving said currents in a telephone-receiver at the distantstation.

27. The method of transmitting intelligence receiving stations, and thenimpressing on said polarized earth currents modified in accordance withthe signal to be transmitted.

30'. The method of transmitting intelligence through the earth, whichconsists in first polarizing the earth between the transmitting andreceiving stations, then impressing on said polarized earth currentsmodified in accordance with the signal to be transmitted, and receivingsaid modified currents at a distant station;

31. The method of transmittingintelligence through the natural media,which consists in first polarizingthe media by currents of highpotential, and then impressing thereon currents modified in accordancewith the signal to be transmitted.

32. The method of transmittingintelligence through the natural media,which consists in first im'pressing on the media currents of highpotential, and then passing through said media currents modified inaccordance with the signal to be transmitted.

. 33. The method of transmitting speech through the natural media, whichconsists in firstimpressing on the mediacurrents of high potential, andthen passing through said media currents modified by,and in accordancewith sound-waves.

34. The method of transmitting intel ligence through the natural media,which consists in first impressing on the media currents of highpotential, then passing through said media currents modified inaccordance with the signal to be transmitted, and translating saidmodified currents into audible or visual signals at a distantreceiving-station.

35. The method of transmitting speech through the natural media, whichconsists iri first impressing on the media currents of high potential,then passing through said media currents modified by and in accordancewith sound-waves, and converting saidmodified currents into sound-wavesat a-distant station:

36. The method of transmitting intelligence through the natural media,which consists in first impressing on the media currents of highpotential, and then transmittin a signal therethrough by electricalmeans.

37 The method of transmitting intelligence through the natural media,which consists in first polarizing the media and then transmitting asignaltherethrough by electrical means.

38. The method of transmitting intelligence through the earth, whichconsists in first polarizing the earth, and then transmitting a signaltherethrough-by electrical means.

39. The method of transmitting speech through the natural media byelectrical means, which consists in first impressing on said mediacurrents of high potential, and then impressing thereon currentsmodified by and in accordance with sound-waves.-

40. The method of transmitting speech through the natural media, whichconsists in first polarizing said media, and then impressing thereoncurrents modified by and in accordance with sound-waves.

41. The method of transmitting speech through the earth, which consistsin first p0- larizing a portion of the earth, and then passingtherethrough currents modified by and in accordance with sound-waves,

42. The method of transmitting speech step of polarizing the earth todecrease its re-- sistance to the passage of low-tension currentstherethrough.

46. In the art of transmission of intelligence, the step-of impressingon the earth currents of high potential to polarize the earth andthereby reduce its resistance to the passage of low-tension currentstherethrough.

47. In the art of transmission of speech,-the step of impressing on theearth currents of high potential to polarize the earth and there byreduce its resistance to the passage of lowtension currentstherethrough.-

48. An improvement'in the method of the transmission of intelligencethrough the natural media, which consists in reducing, the resistance ofsaid media to low-tension currents.

49. An'improvement in the method of transmitting intelligence throughthe earth, whlch consists in reducing the resistance of the earthbetween the transmitting and receiving station to the passage oflow-tension currents.

50. An improvement in the method of the transmission of speech throughthe natural media, which consists in reducing the resist ance of saidmedia to low-tension currents.

. 51. An lmprovement in the method of transmitting speech through theearth, which c'on-' sists in reducing the resistance of the earthbetween the transmitting and receiving station to the passage oflow-tension current s.

52. The step in the art of' transmitting i11 telligencethrough thenatural media, which consists in reducing the resistance of the me-.dia.

53. The step in the art of transmitting speech through the naturalmedia, which consists in reducing the resistance of the media.

54.. The step in the art of transmitting speech through the earth whichconsists in reducing the resistance of the earth.

55. The step in the art of transmitting intelligence through the earthwhich consists in reducing the resistance of the earth.

56. The step in the art of transmitting intelligence through the naturalmedia which consists in polarizing the natural media.

57 The step in the art of transmitting intelligence through the earthwhich consists in polarizing the earth.

58. The step in the art of transmitting speech through the earth whichconsists in polarizing the earth.

59. The step in the art of transmitting speech through the natural mediawhich consists in polarizing the natural media.

4 60. An improvement in the art' of transmitting intelligence throughthe natural media, which consists 'n polarizing said media impressingthereo currents of high potential.

61. An improvementin the art of transmitting intelligence through thenatural media which consists in polarizing said media by electricalmeans;

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses-DANIEL DRAWBAUGH.

. Witnesses:

EMoRY H. Beam, DAVID P. Moons.

